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The Attributes of God

Who God Is, from His Own Word

The attributes of God are the qualities the Bible reveals about who God is. He is eternal, unchanging, all-powerful, all-knowing and present everywhere. He is holy, righteous, loving, merciful, faithful and true. To know His attributes is to know God Himself, and He has shown Himself most fully in Jesus Christ.

Eternal

From everlasting to everlasting (Psalm 90:2)

Unchanging

“I am the LORD, I change not” (Malachi 3:6)

Holy

“Holy, holy, holy, is the LORD of hosts” (Isaiah 6:3)

Love

“God is love” (1 John 4:8)

About God’s Attributes

What Are the Attributes of God?

What They Are

Who God Is

An attribute of God is a quality that is true of His very nature. God does not only do loving things; He is love. He does not only act in holiness; He is holy.

God has made Himself known. Creation shows His power: “For the invisible things of Him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even His eternal power and Godhead” (Romans 1:20). Scripture shows His character in His own words, and Jesus Christ shows Him most clearly of all, for God “Hath in these last days spoken unto us by His Son” (Hebrews 1:2).

God’s attributes are not parts of God, as if He were a little love, a little justice and a little power added together. Each attribute describes the whole of who He is, and they never pull against one another. His love is a holy love, His justice is a good justice, and His power is always used with wisdom. When God passed before Moses, He described Himself this way: “The LORD, The LORD God, merciful and gracious, longsuffering, and abundant in goodness and truth” (Exodus 34:6).

Two Kinds

Only God, and Shared

Bible teachers often group God’s attributes in two kinds: those that belong to God alone, such as being eternal and all-powerful, and those He shares in part with people made in His image.

The first group is sometimes called the incommunicable attributes, because God does not share them with any creature. Only God is self-existent, eternal, unchanging, present everywhere, all-knowing, all-powerful and sovereign over all things. “I am God, and there is none like Me” (Isaiah 46:9).

The second group is called the communicable attributes, because God shares them, in a small and imperfect measure, with people He made in His image (Genesis 1:27). God is holy, righteous, loving, good, merciful, gracious, patient, faithful, truthful and wise, and He calls His children to reflect these qualities: “Be ye holy; for I am holy” (1 Peter 1:16). In God they are perfect and without limit; in us they are always growing.

Why It Matters

To Know Him

Knowing God is the greatest knowledge a person can have. Jesus said that eternal life is to know the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom He has sent (John 17:3).

God Himself tells us what is worth boasting about: “But let him that glorieth glory in this, that he understandeth and knoweth Me, that I am the LORD which exercise lovingkindness, judgment, and righteousness, in the earth: for in these things I delight, saith the LORD” (Jeremiah 9:24).

What we believe about God shapes everything else. Knowing that He is all-powerful and good gives us courage in trouble. Knowing that He is holy and just teaches us to fear sin. Knowing that He is loving, merciful and faithful gives us hope and peace. Knowing Him rightly also guards us from imagining a god of our own making. That is why the Bible calls us to “grow in grace, and in the knowledge of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ” (2 Peter 3:18).

Key Verse

God Proclaims His Own Name

“The LORD, The LORD God, merciful and gracious, longsuffering, and abundant in goodness and truth, Keeping mercy for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin”

Exodus 34:6–7 (KJV)

Key Themes

Six Truths About God’s Attributes

These six truths run through everything the Bible says about who God is.

1 

God Has Made Himself Known

We know God because He has shown Himself in creation, in His Word and in His Son.

“For the invisible things of Him from the creation of the world are clearly seen”

ROMANS 1:20

2 

There Is None Like Him

No person, idol or power can be compared with the living God.

“To whom then will ye liken Me, or shall I be equal? saith the Holy One.”

ISAIAH 40:25

3 

Every Attribute Is Perfect

God is not partly good or nearly wise; each quality is complete in Him.

“He is the Rock, His work is perfect: for all His ways are judgment”

DEUTERONOMY 32:4

4 

He Never Changes

God is the same today as when He spoke to Moses, and He will be the same for ever.

“with whom is no variableness, neither shadow of turning.”

JAMES 1:17

5 

Seen in Jesus Christ

Jesus shows us exactly what God is like, because He is God the Son.

“he that hath seen Me hath seen the Father”

JOHN 14:9

6 

Knowing Him Changes Us

As we look to the Lord, He makes us more like Himself.

“are changed into the same image from glory to glory”

2 CORINTHIANS 3:18

His Character

Who God Is

Romans 1:20 · Psalm 19:1The God Who Reveals Himself

We could never find out God by our own searching, but He has chosen to make Himself known. “The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth His handywork” (Psalm 19:1). Creation shows His eternal power and that He is God (Romans 1:20). Scripture tells us His name, His works and His ways. And in the fullness of time God sent His Son, who is “the image of the invisible God” (Colossians 1:15). Everything we learn about God’s attributes comes from what He has revealed.

Exodus 3:14 · John 4:24I AM THAT I AM

When Moses asked God His name at the burning bush, God answered, “I AM THAT I AM” (Exodus 3:14). God simply is. He was not made, He depends on nothing, and nothing gives Him life; He gives life to everything else, “seeing He giveth to all life, and breath, and all things” (Acts 17:25). He is the one true God: “Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God is one LORD” (Deuteronomy 6:4), eternally Father, Son and Holy Ghost (Matthew 28:19). And “God is a Spirit” (John 4:24), not limited by a body.

Psalm 90:2 · Malachi 3:6Eternal and Unchanging

God has no beginning and no end. “Before the mountains were brought forth, or ever Thou hadst formed the earth and the world, even from everlasting to everlasting, Thou art God” (Psalm 90:2). Because He is eternal and already perfect, He never needs to grow, improve or change. “For I am the LORD, I change not” (Malachi 3:6). His character, His purposes and His promises stay the same in every generation, and “Jesus Christ the same yesterday, and to day, and for ever” (Hebrews 13:8).

Psalm 139 · Jeremiah 23:24Everywhere Present and All-Knowing

There is no place where God is not. David asked, “Whither shall I go from Thy spirit? or whither shall I flee from Thy presence?” (Psalm 139:7), and God asks, “Do not I fill heaven and earth? saith the LORD” (Jeremiah 23:24). God also knows everything: past, present and future, every thought and every word before it is spoken. “Great is our Lord, and of great power: His understanding is infinite” (Psalm 147:5). Nothing is hidden from Him, and nothing ever takes Him by surprise.

Jeremiah 32:17 · Daniel 4:35All-Powerful and Sovereign

God can do all that He wills. Jeremiah prayed, “Ah Lord GOD! behold, Thou hast made the heaven and the earth by Thy great power and stretched out arm, and there is nothing too hard for Thee” (Jeremiah 32:17), and the angel told Mary, “For with God nothing shall be impossible” (Luke 1:37). God also rules over all things. Even the proud king Nebuchadnezzar learned that “He doeth according to His will in the army of heaven, and among the inhabitants of the earth: and none can stay His hand” (Daniel 4:35).

Isaiah 6:1–5 · Revelation 4:8Holy, Holy, Holy

Holiness means that God is set apart, high above all His creation and perfectly pure, without the smallest stain of sin. Isaiah saw the Lord on His throne and heard the seraphims cry, “Holy, holy, holy, is the LORD of hosts: the whole earth is full of His glory” (Isaiah 6:3). Isaiah could only answer, “Woe is me! for I am undone.” In heaven the cry goes on day and night: “Holy, holy, holy, Lord God Almighty, which was, and is, and is to come” (Revelation 4:8). Every other attribute of God is a holy attribute.

Deuteronomy 32:4 · Romans 1:18Righteous and Just

Because God is holy, He always does what is right. “A God of truth and without iniquity, just and right is He” (Deuteronomy 32:4). Abraham asked, “Shall not the Judge of all the earth do right?” (Genesis 18:25). God’s justice means that sin must be judged. “For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men” (Romans 1:18). His anger is not a bad temper but the settled opposition of a holy God to evil, and “The LORD is slow to anger, and great in power, and will not at all acquit the wicked” (Nahum 1:3).

1 John 4:8–10 · Ephesians 2:4–8Love, Mercy and Grace

“God is love” (1 John 4:8). His love is not earned; it flows from who He is. “Herein is love, not that we loved God, but that He loved us, and sent His Son to be the propitiation for our sins” (1 John 4:10). God is merciful, holding back the judgment we deserve, and gracious, giving the salvation we do not deserve. “But God, who is rich in mercy, for His great love wherewith He loved us” made us alive with Christ (Ephesians 2:4–5), “For by grace are ye saved through faith” (2:8). At the cross God’s justice and love meet, “that He might be just, and the justifier of him which believeth in Jesus” (Romans 3:26).

Lamentations 3:22–23 · John 1:14Faithful and True, Seen in Christ

God always keeps His word. “God is not a man, that He should lie” (Numbers 23:19). Even in the ruins of Jerusalem, Jeremiah could say, “It is of the LORD’s mercies that we are not consumed, because His compassions fail not. They are new every morning: great is Thy faithfulness” (Lamentations 3:22–23). Above all, God has shown us who He is in Jesus Christ. “The Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us,” “full of grace and truth” (John 1:14). “For in Him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily” (Colossians 2:9).

At a Glance

God’s Attributes at a Glance

God’s attributes on one page: the qualities that belong to God alone, a chart of all of them, the qualities He shares with us, the names that reveal His character, His holiness, how Jesus shows us the Father, and what it means for daily life. Tap a topic to jump to it.

Printable Copy

Save or Print the Infographic

Everything in this section, with the key verse and key themes, is also on a printable infographic (six pages). It opens in a new tab, where you can save it to your phone or computer, share it, or print it.

Incommunicable

Attributes Only God Has

These qualities belong to God alone. No angel or person shares them, and they show how far above us He is.

1  SELF-EXISTENT

He Simply Is

God was never made and needs nothing to live.

“I AM THAT I AM”

EXODUS 3:14

2  ONE GOD

The Only True God

There is one God, eternally Father, Son and Holy Ghost.

“Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God is one LORD”

DEUTERONOMY 6:4

3  SPIRIT

God Is a Spirit

God has no body and is not limited by place or form.

“God is a Spirit: and they that worship Him must worship Him in spirit and in truth.”

JOHN 4:24

4  ETERNAL

No Beginning or End

God has always been and always will be.

“even from everlasting to everlasting, Thou art God.”

PSALM 90:2

5  IMMUTABLE

Unchanging

His nature, purposes and promises never change.

“For I am the LORD, I change not”

MALACHI 3:6

6  OMNIPRESENT

Everywhere Present

There is nowhere we can go where God is not.

“Do not I fill heaven and earth? saith the LORD.”

JEREMIAH 23:24

7  OMNISCIENT

All-Knowing

God knows all things, even our thoughts.

“Great is our Lord, and of great power: His understanding is infinite.”

PSALM 147:5

8  OMNIPOTENT

All-Powerful

Nothing is too hard for the Lord.

“and there is nothing too hard for Thee”

JEREMIAH 32:17

9  SOVEREIGN

Ruler Over All

God reigns over heaven and earth and does all His will.

“But our God is in the heavens: He hath done whatsoever He hath pleased.”

PSALM 115:3

Chart

The Attributes of God Chart

All eighteen attributes on one chart: on the left, the nine that belong to God alone; on the right, nine that He shares in part with people made in His image.

The Attributes of God

The same attributes are explained, with verses, in the sections just above and below this chart.

Communicable

Attributes God Shares with Us

God shares these qualities, in a small measure, with people made in His image. In Him they are perfect; in His children they grow as the Holy Spirit works in us.

HOLY

Holy

Set apart and perfectly pure.

“Holy, holy, holy, is the LORD of hosts”

ISAIAH 6:3

RIGHTEOUS

Righteous and Just

He always does what is right and judges fairly.

“just and right is He.”

DEUTERONOMY 32:4

LOVE

Loving

He loves because love is His nature.

“He that loveth not knoweth not God; for God is love.”

1 JOHN 4:8

GOOD

Good

All He is and all He does is good.

“The LORD is good to all: and His tender mercies are over all His works.”

PSALM 145:9

MERCIFUL

Merciful and Gracious

He holds back the punishment we deserve and gives the favour we do not.

“The LORD is merciful and gracious, slow to anger, and plenteous in mercy.”

PSALM 103:8

LONGSUFFERING

Patient

He waits patiently for sinners to turn to Him.

“not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance.”

2 PETER 3:9

FAITHFUL

Faithful

He keeps every promise He has made.

“They are new every morning: great is Thy faithfulness.”

LAMENTATIONS 3:23

TRUE

Truthful

God cannot lie; His word is always true.

“God is not a man, that He should lie”

NUMBERS 23:19

WISE

All-Wise

He always chooses the best ends and the best way to reach them.

“O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God!”

ROMANS 11:33

His Names

Names That Reveal His Character

In the Old Testament God made Himself known through His names. Each one tells us something true about who He is. The Hebrew names are shown with the meaning of each.

ELOHIM

God, the Creator

The mighty God who made all things.

“In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.”

GENESIS 1:1

JEHOVAH (THE LORD)

I AM

His personal, covenant name: the ever-living God.

“I AM hath sent me unto you.”

EXODUS 3:14

EL SHADDAI

The Almighty God

All-sufficient and all-powerful.

“I am the Almighty God; walk before Me, and be thou perfect.”

GENESIS 17:1

EL ELYON

The Most High God

Above every power, the possessor of all.

“the most high God, possessor of heaven and earth”

GENESIS 14:19

EL ROI

The God Who Sees

Hagar learned that God saw her in the wilderness.

“Thou God seest me”

GENESIS 16:13

JEHOVAH-JIREH

The LORD Will Provide

God provided a ram in Isaac’s place.

“In the mount of the LORD it shall be seen.”

GENESIS 22:14

JEHOVAH-RAPHA

The LORD That Heals

God promised to be Israel’s healer.

“for I am the LORD that healeth thee.”

EXODUS 15:26

JEHOVAH-NISSI

The LORD My Banner

Moses named an altar after victory over Amalek.

“And Moses built an altar, and called the name of it Jehovah-nissi”

EXODUS 17:15

JEHOVAH-SHALOM

The LORD Is Peace

Gideon’s altar to the God who gives peace.

“Then Gideon built an altar there unto the LORD, and called it Jehovah-shalom”

JUDGES 6:24

JEHOVAH-RAAH

The LORD My Shepherd

He leads, feeds and protects His people.

“The LORD is my shepherd; I shall not want.”

PSALM 23:1

JEHOVAH-TSIDKENU

The LORD Our Righteousness

Promised of the coming King, the Branch of David.

“THE LORD OUR RIGHTEOUSNESS.”

JEREMIAH 23:6

JEHOVAH-SHAMMAH

The LORD Is There

God’s presence with His people for ever.

“The LORD is there.”

EZEKIEL 48:35

Above All

Holy, Holy, Holy

Holiness is the only attribute of God that Scripture repeats three times over. It means God is set apart from all He has made and perfectly pure. His holiness is why sin is so serious, and why the way He opened for us through Christ is so wonderful.

“Holy, holy, holy, is the LORD of hosts: the whole earth is full of His glory.”Isaiah 6:3 (KJV)

1 

Seen by Isaiah

Before the holy God, Isaiah saw his own sin, and God cleansed him.

“Woe is me! for I am undone”

ISAIAH 6:5

2 

Sung in Heaven

The living creatures worship God without rest.

“Holy, holy, holy, Lord God Almighty, which was, and is, and is to come.”

REVELATION 4:8

3 

Opened to Us in Christ

Through Jesus’ blood, sinners may come near to the holy God.

“Having therefore, brethren, boldness to enter into the holiest by the blood of Jesus”

HEBREWS 10:19

God the Son

God’s Attributes Seen in Jesus

Jesus is not only a teacher about God; He is God the Son, who “was made flesh, and dwelt among us” (John 1:14). Every attribute of God is seen in Him.

Eternal

Jesus existed before Abraham was born.

“Before Abraham was, I am.”

JOHN 8:58

Unchanging

The Saviour we read about is the same Saviour today.

“Jesus Christ the same yesterday, and to day, and for ever.”

HEBREWS 13:8

All-Powerful

The risen Lord holds all authority.

“All power is given unto Me in heaven and in earth.”

MATTHEW 28:18

All-Knowing

Jesus knew the hearts of everyone He met.

“for He knew what was in man.”

JOHN 2:25

Holy

Jesus lived without sin.

“holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners”

HEBREWS 7:26

Love

Jesus showed God’s love by laying down His life.

“Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends.”

JOHN 15:13

“For in Him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily.”Colossians 2:9 (KJV)

For Today

Living in Light of Who God Is

Knowing God is not only for the mind. Each of His attributes calls for a response from the heart.

1 

Worship Him

A great God deserves our whole-hearted praise.

“For the LORD is great, and greatly to be praised”

PSALM 96:4

2 

Trust Him

He is wise, good and in control, even when we do not understand.

“Trust in the LORD with all thine heart; and lean not unto thine own understanding.”

PROVERBS 3:5

3 

Bring Him Your Cares

The all-knowing, all-powerful God cares for you.

“Casting all your care upon Him; for He careth for you.”

1 PETER 5:7

4 

Pursue Holiness

His children are called to be like their Father.

“Be ye holy; for I am holy.”

1 PETER 1:16

5 

Show Mercy

Those who have received mercy show it to others.

“Be ye therefore merciful, as your Father also is merciful.”

LUKE 6:36

6 

Love One Another

God’s love for us is the reason and pattern for our love.

“Beloved, if God so loved us, we ought also to love one another.”

1 JOHN 4:11

Bible Study

Read About God’s Attributes in Scripture

God reveals His attributes all through the Bible, from Genesis to Revelation. These passages gather the key ones in five parts. Tap a part below to jump to it, tap any section to expand it, and tap a verse reference to read it in the King James Version at BibleGateway.

Part I

His Being

Who God Is · The living God: self-existent, one, eternal and unchanging.

  1. I AM THAT I AM · Exodus 3:13–15
  2. The LORD our God is one LORD · Deuteronomy 6:4–5
  3. God is a Spirit · John 4:23–24
  4. He giveth to all life, and breath · Acts 17:24–28
  1. From everlasting to everlasting · Psalm 90:1–4
  2. The everlasting God fainteth not · Isaiah 40:28–31
  3. The King eternal, immortal, invisible · 1 Timothy 1:17
  1. I change not · Malachi 3:6
  2. No variableness, neither shadow of turning · James 1:17
  3. Thou art the same · Psalm 102:25–27

Part II

His Greatness

His Greatness · Present everywhere, all-knowing, all-wise, all-powerful and sovereign.

  1. Whither shall I flee from Thy presence? · Psalm 139:7–12
  2. Do not I fill heaven and earth? · Jeremiah 23:23–24
  1. Thou knowest my downsitting and mine uprising · Psalm 139:1–6
  2. His understanding is infinite · Psalm 147:4–5
  3. All things are naked and opened unto His eyes · Hebrews 4:12–13
  4. The depth of His wisdom and knowledge · Romans 11:33–36
  1. There is nothing too hard for Thee · Jeremiah 32:17–19
  2. None can stay His hand · Daniel 4:34–37
  3. Declaring the end from the beginning · Isaiah 46:8–11
  4. Where wast thou when I laid the foundations? · Job 38:1–11

Part III

His Holiness and Justice

His Holiness · The holy God who always does right and judges sin.

  1. Holy, holy, holy · Isaiah 6:1–8
  2. Glorious in holiness · Exodus 15:11
  3. Lord God Almighty · Revelation 4:8–11
  4. Be ye holy; for I am holy · 1 Peter 1:13–16
  1. Just and right is He · Deuteronomy 32:3–4
  2. The Judge of all the earth · Genesis 18:23–25
  3. Justice and judgment are the habitation of Thy throne · Psalm 89:14
  1. The wrath of God is revealed · Romans 1:18–20
  2. Slow to anger, and great in power · Nahum 1:2–8
  3. Just, and the justifier · Romans 3:21–26

Part IV

His Love and Mercy

His Love · The God of love, mercy, grace, goodness and patience.

  1. God is love · 1 John 4:7–11
  2. God so loved the world · John 3:16–17
  3. While we were yet sinners · Romans 5:6–8
  1. The LORD proclaims His name · Exodus 34:5–7
  2. Merciful and gracious · Psalm 103:8–14
  3. Rich in mercy, saved by grace · Ephesians 2:4–9
  1. The LORD is good to all · Psalm 145:8–9
  2. O taste and see that the LORD is good · Psalm 34:8
  3. Not willing that any should perish · 2 Peter 3:9

Part V

Faithful and True

His Faithfulness · The God who keeps His word, shown to us in Jesus Christ.

  1. Great is Thy faithfulness · Lamentations 3:21–26
  2. The faithful God · Deuteronomy 7:9
  3. He abideth faithful · 2 Timothy 2:11–13
  1. God is not a man, that He should lie · Numbers 23:19
  2. God, that cannot lie · Titus 1:1–2
  3. The only true God · John 17:1–3
  1. The Word was made flesh · John 1:1–14
  2. He that hath seen Me hath seen the Father · John 14:6–11
  3. The image of the invisible God · Colossians 1:15–19
  4. The express image of His person · Hebrews 1:1–3

Questions

Questions About God’s Attributes

The attributes of God are the qualities of His nature that the Bible reveals, such as His holiness, love, power, knowledge, eternity and faithfulness. They tell us who God is, not just what He does. God summed up His character for Moses as “merciful and gracious, longsuffering, and abundant in goodness and truth” (Exodus 34:6).

These are the two groups Bible teachers often use. Incommunicable attributes belong to God alone: He is self-existent, eternal, unchanging, everywhere present, all-knowing, all-powerful and sovereign. Communicable attributes are ones He shares in part with people made in His image, such as holiness, love, goodness, mercy, faithfulness, truth and wisdom (Genesis 1:27; 1 Peter 1:16).

God’s love never sets aside His justice, and His justice never cancels His love. Both meet at the cross. Sin was truly punished, but the punishment fell on Jesus in our place: God “sent His Son to be the propitiation for our sins” (1 John 4:10). So God is “just, and the justifier of him which believeth in Jesus” (Romans 3:26).

God’s nature, plans and promises never change: “For I am the LORD, I change not” (Malachi 3:6), and “God is not a man, that He should lie; neither the son of man, that He should repent” (Numbers 23:19). When the Bible says God “repented,” as with Nineveh (Jonah 3:10), it describes in human words how the unchanging God responds as people turn from sin, just as He has always said He would (Jeremiah 18:7–8).

Yes. There is one God, and He does not change (Hebrews 13:8; James 1:17). The Old Testament shows His mercy and grace (Exodus 34:6; Psalm 103:8), and the New Testament shows His holiness and judgment (Romans 1:18; Hebrews 12:29). What is new is that God has now shown Himself fully in His Son, Jesus Christ (Hebrews 1:1–3).

Both, in different ways. There is only one God (Deuteronomy 6:4), and this one God exists eternally as three Persons: the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost (Matthew 28:19; 2 Corinthians 13:14). Each Person is fully God and has every attribute of God. See our Trinity page for more.

Jesus said, “I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by Me” (John 14:6), and “this is life eternal, that they might know Thee the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom Thou hast sent” (John 17:3). We come to know God by turning from sin and trusting Jesus Christ as Lord and Saviour (Romans 10:9). See our Salvation page to learn more.

Keep Studying

Related Studies

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How God the Son became man in Jesus Christ.

God’s undeserved favour, freely given in Christ.

Israel’s songs of praise to the God who is great and good.

The prophet who saw the Lord, high and lifted up.

Continue Your Study

Scripture quotations and verse links are from the King James Version (KJV).